Topics Discussed: burns, electric; dental emergency; dental enamel; dental pulp exposure; dentin; genital warts; lip laceration; loosening of tooth; maxillofacial injury trauma; mouth injury; mouth protectors; oral cavity; oral soft tissues; sexual abuse of child; soft tissue injuries; superficial injury of mouth; tongue laceration; tooth avulsion; tooth avulsion management; tooth fracture management; tooth fractures; tooth injuries; tooth replantation.
Sections: Orofacial Pain and Infection, References.
Excerpt:"Trauma to children's teeth is a very common event.1 The
prevalence of these injuries varies depending on the population
studied and the types of injuries reported. Studies indicate that
as many as 46% of children sustained traumatic injuries
to their primary or permanent teeth during childhood.2-4 Approximately
2% of children sustain such injuries annually.5 The
majority of the injuries occur to the maxillary incisors due to
their prominence in the dentition. Displacement injuries are more
common in the primary dentition, because supporting bone in younger
children is more flexible and pliable, while fractures are more
common in the permanent dentition. Trauma to the soft tissues of the oral cavity can be caused by
physical, chemical, or electrical insults. Soft tissue injuries
consist of abrasions, lacerations, contusions, ecchymoses, hematomas,
and burns. Oral lacerations should be examined carefully for the
presence of foreign bodies, especially in the presence of fractured
teeth (eFig. 375.4A,B).
A radiograph of the lesion should be done to rule out foreign bodies,
as visual inspection and palpation alone are usually not sufficient
(eFig. 375.5A,B).
Lip lacerations require careful management to provide an esthetic
closure, especially if the laceration is deep or extends through
the vermilion border. Full-thickness lacerations require suturing
in layers. Careful attention to anatomic alignment of the vermilion
border is important. Through and through..."
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