Topics Discussed: malaria; plasmodium.
Sections: Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation, Differential Diagnosis, Diagnosis, Treatment, When to Refer, Malaria Prophylaxis, References.
Excerpt:"Malaria is a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. The burden of this disease is largely borne by children in sub-Saharan Africa. Approximately 60% of clinical cases, and more than 75% of the greater than 1 million annual deaths from malaria occur in this region, mostly in children younger than 5 years.1,2 According to a survey, one in five childhood deaths in sub-Saharan Africa is caused by malaria.3 In the United States, local malaria transmission, which was once endemic, has been extremely rare since the 1950s.4 However, American physicians continue to encounter patients with malaria, mostly immigrants, refugees, returned travelers, and military personnel, who acquired their infections in endemic areas. An average of 1200 malaria cases and 13 related deaths occur in the United States every year.4 Most of the cases are imported, most are caused by Plasmodium falciparum, and most are acquired in Africa.4..."
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