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Rudolph's PediatricsRudolph's Pediatrics

Section 7. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics > 

Part 2. Developmental Variation to Disorder > 

Chapter 87. Difficult Behavior

Martin T. Stein
Topics Discussed: behavior; behavioral problem; disruptive behavior.
Sections: Definitions and Epidemiology, Etiology and Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Assessment and Diagnosis, Management and Treatment, References.
Excerpt:"Disruptive behaviors in childhood are a part of growing up. An adult's perception of the behavior, their tolerance, emotional response, and social expectations often determine whether a child's behavior comes to the attention of a pediatrician. Disruptive behaviors become a part of pediatric encounters under 3 circumstances: (1) when the behavior is overwhelming to parents or teachers and is interfering with social interactions, (2) when a pediatrician systematically surveys family function and childhood behavior as part of a periodic health supervision visit, or (3) when a disruptive behavior occurs during an office visit.
  • Infants are characteristically more irritable in late afternoon and early evening.
  • Strangers may initiate a fear response in some infants at the end of the first year of life and during the second year.
  • All toddlers experience temper tantrums during moments of frustration when their journey toward psychological autonomy is threatened.
  • Separation experiences from parents are commonly associated with emotional outbursts, crying, and sleep disturbances at this age.
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