Topics Discussed: bronchopulmonary dysplasia; chronic illness; pulmonology and respiratory medicine.
Excerpt:"Definition. Classic bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a neonatal form of chronic pulmonary disorder that follows a primary course of respiratory failure (eg, respiratory distress syndrome [RDS], meconium aspiration syndrome) in the first days of life. A "new" form of BPD has been described in extremely low birthweight infants. This occurs in infants who initially had none or modest initial ventilatory and oxygen needs.
BPD is defined as persistent oxygen dependency up to 28 days of life. The severity of BPD-related pulmonary dysfunction in early childhood is more accurately predicted by an oxygen dependence at 36 weeks' postconceptional age (PCA) in infants <32 weeks' gestational age (GA) and at 56 days of age in infants with older GA. BPD is thus classified at this later postnatal age and is graded according to the type of respiratory support required to maintain a normal arterial oxygen saturation (>89%).
- Mild BPD. Infants who have been weaned from any supplemental oxygen.
- Moderate BPD. Infants who continue to need up to 30% oxygen.
- Severe BPD. Infants whose requirements exceed 30% and/or include continuous positive airway pressure or mechanical ventilation.
Incidence. The incidence of BPD is..."
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