Topics Discussed: attention deficit disorder of childhood, combined type; attention deficit disorder of childhood, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, predominantly inattentive type; behavior.
Sections: Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Treatment, References.
Excerpt:"Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequently encountered disorders in pediatric and adolescent medical practice. ADHD is a complex developmental disorder of brain and behavior that makes its initial appearance in preschool ages, persists into adolescence, and, in some individuals, into adult life.1 In 2007, the CDC summary of health statistics for U.S. children indicated that 4.5 million children (7%) between the ages of 3 and 17 years had been diagnosed with ADHD. The rate for boys (11%) was twice the rate for girls (4%).2 While the degree of persistence of this disorder into adulthood is still unclear, estimates from longitudinal studies suggest between 1% and 6% of the adult population has symptoms of ADHD.3Six or more of the symptoms of inattention and six or more of the symptoms of hyperactivity– impulsivity must be present.
Symptoms must have been present for 6 or more months prior to diagnosis.
Some symptoms that have caused impairment must be present before age 7 years.
Symptoms causing some impairment must be present in two or more settings.
There must be clear evidence of clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning.
These symptoms do not occur exclusively during the course of another disorder, such as pervasive..."
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