Topics Discussed: blood component transfusion; blood transfusion; hematology.
Sections: Blood Component Therapy: Introduction, Whole Blood, Packed Red Blood Cells, Platelet Concentrate, Granulocyte Concentrates, Fresh Frozen Plasma, Cryoprecipitate, Factors VIII and IX, Albumin, Immune Globulins, Indications for Transfusion, Complications, References.
Excerpt:"
- It is common to underestimate quantitative blood loss in the setting of trauma. Careful and frequent monitoring of vital signs and hematocrit is critical in the detection of severe hemorrhage.
- Massive transfusion protocols exist to supply O-negative blood and other essential blood products for the resuscitation of the hemodynamically unstable trauma patient.
- Mild to severe reactions can occur during the transfusion process including fever, chills, nausea, hypotension, or shock. Whether this is caused by blood type incompatibility, antibodies to donor cells, or blood product contamination, the transfusion must be stopped immediately and the symptoms of the reaction treated aggressively.
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